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Greenhouse gas emissions on a territorial, residence and carbon footprint basis, UK, 1990 to provisional 2021 (Mt CO2e)

There are three key official measures of UK greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In 2019, the latest year that all three measures are available, territorial emissions were 448 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (mt CO2e), residence emissions were 547 mt CO2e and carbon footprint emissions were 774 mt CO2e.

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Source: Office for National Statistics,  Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy,  Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs

  1. Territorial estimates are published by the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS), are used to monitor net zero and other UK-wide targets. These estimates include emissions produced within the UK’s geographical borders. Provisional estimates for 2021 are subject to revision when final estimates are published in February 2023.

  2. Residence estimates cover emissions by UK residents and UK-registered businesses, whether they happen in the UK or overseas. The Office for National Statistics produces these as part of the UK’s Environmental Accounts. These estimates provide additional useful information to complement the UK’s national accounts.

  3. Carbon footprint estimates account for emissions through the supply chain of all goods and services consumed in the UK wherever they are produced in the world, so allow for emissions from UK imports but exclude emissions arising from UK produced goods that are exported. This measure, published by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), helps to understand the UK’s global contribution to climate change.

  4. ONS Environmental Accounts air emissions bridging tables provide further detail of the relationship between the different estimates of emissions provided in this figure.

  5. Please note, this chart is currently being updated with the latest residence basis emissions data (see Atmospheric emissions: greenhouse gases by industry and gas), and will be available as soon as possible.